Therapeutic diet and nutrition. Type 2 diabetes: treatment features, menu

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Diabetes mellitus is not a sentence, but still one of the most serious and common diseases of the endocrine system. In the case when such a diagnosis is made, the doctor registers the patient and constantly monitors his condition, prescribes the necessary examination and treatment. However, everyone who is faced with such a diagnosis will confirm that most of all the doctor's recommendations and instructions relate to what a person eats. In fact, it is the cardinal changes in nutrition, the choice of products and methods of cooking that are the basis of treatment, on which the course of the disease and the general condition of the patient depend. That is why today we decided to highlight what a proper diet and nutrition should be. Type 2 diabetes is a complex and rather dangerous disease, so all the recommendations that we give should not only be learned, but also printed and posted in a conspicuous place.

A bit of theory

In fact, it is somewhat difficult for a simple layman to understand that diabetes can be different. Although, of course, with any course of this disease, a suitable diet and nutrition are necessary. Type 2 diabetes is a diseaseinherent in the older generation, and the disease itself develops gradually, months or even years can pass before a person realizes that he is seriously ill. The severity of clinical symptoms is usually not too bright. In almost 90% of cases, this type of diabetes is accompanied by obesity, and most often women suffer from it. Treatment is primarily diet and special oral medications that lower blood sugar levels.

Type 1 diabetes

In contrast, type 1 diabetes can also occur in young people under the age of 30. In this case, the onset of the disease is usually acute, clinical symptoms are pronounced sharply. Very often, body weight, on the contrary, is reduced, this form of the disease is more common in men. Insulin therapy and diet are mandatory for treatment.

Violation of the diet: how dangerous is it?

The fact is that diabetes is a chronic disease. A doctor will never be able to guarantee you a complete recovery, that is, even if all the recommendations are followed, there is always a risk of deterioration. That is, you are wrong if you think that a few sweets or a couple of glasses of alcohol do not pose any threat to you. Such breakdowns nullify all your previous efforts and turn into even more tightening of the diet. Therefore, especially at first, you need to not only carefully monitor your diet, but also keep a food diary.

Principles of nutrition

So we already know that whenThe most important treatment for this form of the disease is proper diet and nutrition. Type 2 diabetes will allow you to lead a normal normal life in the usual rhythm, if a number of conditions are met. However, it is this form of diabetes that is often detected quite late, due to the mild manifestation of clinical symptoms, the diagnosis is delayed, which means that the person does not follow a specialized diet. As a result, a large amount of carbohydrates is retained in the diet, and blood glucose levels rise. That is why our topic today is so important. All that a person needs to normalize the condition is the right diet and nutrition. Type 2 diabetes is a lost sensitivity to insulin, that is, the ability to absorb sugar, and we, by adjusting the diet, gradually restore it.

From what products the diet is made

In fact, there is nothing particularly terrible in a therapeutic diet for diabetics. This does not mean that you will eat only carrots. By following certain rules, you can make a diet so as not to feel deprived and at the same time eat varied, interesting and tasty. Of course, you will have to give up carbohydrate-containing meals, this is a prerequisite, without which type 2 diabetes cannot be treated. Diet and nutrition, however, can be quite varied and attractive, and in some places even exquisite. After all, there are so many delicious and he althy foods in the world, in addition to potatoes, pasta and sugar.

Go shopping

So, first of all, your table should havefresh vegetables and fruits in assortment. And this does not mean that you will have a cabbage salad for the main course. Experts recommend eating 900 g of vegetables and at least 400 g of fruit. They can be combined with a variety of products, with meat or dairy products. Many people have a question: "Is it possible to completely refuse carbohydrates?" Indeed, carbohydrates are primarily energy that the body needs, regardless of whether a person has type 2 diabetes. Diet and nutrition should be complete, which means that you can include 200 g of potatoes and 100 g of bread or 2 tablespoons of any porridge in the diet.

But vegetables and potatoes are not all you can afford. Per day, you can add 300 g of fish and meat, as well as 0.5 liters of dairy products. It turns out a he althy and satisfying menu. The only inconvenience is that it is necessary to exclude flour and sweet foods from the diet. We already said at the very beginning that the therapeutic diet for type 2 diabetes is aimed at restoring metabolism. That is why all delicious cakes and cakes are your worst enemies. They need to be completely replaced with vegetables and fruits.

What to do with a sweet tooth

If you can't imagine yourself without sweets, then there is a way out too. Of course, without measure, eating cookies and sweets will not work. However, if you give up carbohydrate-containing foods for the whole day, you can afford a small piece of sweet cake (about 100 g). In your diet on this day should be meat and fish, vegetables andcottage cheese. However, believe me that it is difficult to stick to such a menu only at first. Refined sweets are alien to our body, so it will take only a couple of months, and all metabolic processes will return to normal, which means that you will calmly walk past the counter with cakes without experiencing a burning desire to immediately eat one of them.

Instead of sugar, the use of sweeteners in normalized quantities is allowed. Honey is also allowed, but not more than 2 tablespoons per day. But choose desserts with vegetable fats, as their splitting slows down the absorption of sugar. Another rule: sweets should not be used as snacks.

Principles of building a diet

They will have to be learned by heart if you want to defeat type 2 diabetes. Diet (nutrition) involves reducing the calorie content of the diet, but it is very important that it remains complete and provides the body with everything it needs. We are all different, so the menu should take into account energy costs. The less you move, the more modest your diet can be. So, for women, you can meet 1200 kcal per day, and for men - 1400-1600 kcal. It is imperative to take food at the same time, it is this measure that ensures the smooth functioning of the digestive tract.

Nutrition for patients with type II diabetes necessarily implies a fractional meal, that is, the patient needs to eat often, at least 5 times a day. The main meals should be approximately the same in calories, and between them - light snacks. At the same time, it is advisable to leave vegetables and fish for the evening.or boiled meat.

Despite the fact that this is a diet, it is very important not to get hung up on the same foods and dishes, but to constantly experiment so that the food is really varied. Fresh vegetables are added to every meal.

In addition to all that has been said, proper nutrition in type 2 diabetes involves the restriction of animal fats and complex carbohydrates, the almost complete exclusion of s alt, and the exclusion of overeating. You will have to completely give up alcohol, and it is also recommended to drink at least one and a half liters of pure water per day.

Diet features, glycemic index

As you can see, type 2 diabetes doesn't make much of a dietary change. Nutrition (diet 9) implies a mandatory breakfast and snacks, but you can’t starve with this disease. The last meal should be no later than 2 hours before bedtime. At the same time, the temperature of the finished dishes also plays a role. They should not be excessively hot or, conversely, cold. It is advisable to start the meal with vegetables and end with protein foods.

It is undesirable to increase the glycemic index of foods. This can be achieved by additional frying, adding flour, breading in breadcrumbs and flavoring with butter, so it is better to eat boiled and stewed foods. The glycemic index is a measure of the ability of foods to raise blood sugar levels. All foods with a high GI (over 70) should be excluded from the diet.

What is XE

Finally, a bread unit (XE) -Another indicator familiar to all diabetics. And such XE contains 15 g of carbohydrates. The daily norm for a diabetic is 18-25 XE, which needs to be distributed over 6 meals. It's not that small. 1 XE is equal to 25 g of white bread, half a glass of buckwheat, 1 apple, 2 pieces of prunes. Based on this simple scheme, you can calculate your daily carbohydrate intake and stick to it firmly. As you can see, you won't stay hungry at all if you've been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Diet (treatment and nutrition, two in one) will help maintain normal metabolic processes, as well as allow you to lose weight and get rid of all related problems.

Several menu options for the day

To make it easier for you to understand what a diet menu is, we decided to visually demonstrate several options for you. For breakfast, you can choose either millet porridge and an apple, or an omelette with vegetables, or a cottage cheese casserole with berries. For the first snack or lunch, yogurt or bran fermented baked milk or a couple of green apples are perfect.

Lunch is a very important meal that should not be missed. For the first option, we can offer you vegetarian cabbage soup, peppers stuffed with meat and vegetables, as well as a fresh salad. The second option is cauliflower vegetable soup and millet porridge with meat goulash. Finally, the third option is vegetable soup and baked meat with vegetables. Such a hearty and varied lunch will definitely not leave you hungry. It's time for an afternoon snack: treat yourself to a cottage cheese casserole with carrots or cabbage salad, or you can justdrink a glass of kefir. Finally, dinner should be the lightest meal, but at the same time quite nutritious. It can be steamed chicken breast with vegetables, or stewed veal with vegetable stew, or boiled shrimp with vegetables. As you can see, a diet for type 2 diabetes is quite suitable for a he althy person. Menus and recipes clearly demonstrate that he althy nutrition is not only he althy, but also very tasty, satisfying and practical.

Top Recipes for Table 9

Sooner or later, all the dishes become boring and there is a temptation to quit the diet, especially since the state of he alth is quite normal. But do not forget that not a temporary, but a permanent measure is the 9 table diet for type 2 diabetes. We have specially collected the best recipes for you so that you understand that eating right is not boring at all.

Do you want a delicious salad? Prepare an appetizing appetizer with cod. You will need 200 g of cod fillet and 100 g of boiled potatoes, one tomato and one cucumber each, 1 egg, lettuce and canned peas. Making a salad is not difficult at all, boil an egg and potatoes, cut into cubes, add peas and lettuce, then stewed fish and dressing.

Do you want a new hot dish? Try cabbage rolls with buckwheat porridge. You will need a fork of cabbage, it needs to be boiled until half cooked. Separately, cook crumbly buckwheat porridge, add a boiled egg to it. Put the minced meat in cabbage leaves and put the stuffed cabbage in a deep frying pan. It remains to add sour cream and bake more30 minutes.

Cooking a he althy dessert

As a dessert, you can try apple soufflé, a tasty and he althy dish. You will need 3 egg whites and a teaspoon of sugar substitute, as well as 2 apples. Fruits need to be baked in the oven and rubbed through a sieve, and then, together with a sweetener, simmer over low heat until thickened. Proteins whipped into foam are introduced into hot mashed potatoes, then the mass is laid out in a mold and baked for 10-15 minutes. Bon appetit!