Diet therapy is therapeutic nutrition. Principles, Meaning and Effectiveness

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

The concept of a diet in women is usually associated with the loss of extra pounds, which they seek to get rid of closer to the summer. However, its benefit does not lie only in giving its figure an external appeal. In fact, it is primarily a therapeutic event. Diet therapy is the basis on which the restoration of human he alth is built in case of diseases of most internal organs and systems. The stomach, kidneys, liver, even autoimmune diseases are treated with proper nutrition. Based on the state of the body and the disease, the doctor needs to correct it every time. For convenience, dietary tables have been developed by specialists.

Features

Diet therapy is a prerequisite for recovery. It is not for nothing that in sanatoriums this is given special attention. It must be agreed with a specialist. Sometimes diet is the main method. Otherwise, it can act as an aid. And if to bemore precisely, properly selected nutrition creates the conditions for the treatment to be effective. According to individual indications, in addition to the main diet, fasting days are practiced: dairy, cottage cheese, watermelon, apple.

The Importance of Clinical Nutrition

Diet therapy is not a weight loss measure. Therapeutic nutrition does not imply a restriction on fats, proteins and carbohydrates. It is necessary for the normalization of metabolic processes, the restoration of all body functions.

But you need to remember that diet therapy is first and foremost therapeutic nutrition. It should be built taking into account the localization of the disease, the nature of the process, fatness and lifestyle. Comorbidities and complications must also be taken into account. With body weight below normal and progressive weight loss, diet therapy involves enhanced nutrition. But you should not resort to it in violation of the activity of the stomach, liver and intestines.

Founder of domestic therapy

The first to pay attention to the importance of nutrition in the treatment of certain diseases M. I. Pevzner. He studied the effects of products on the body and made the right conclusions. And today, experts in the field of nutrition confirm that nutrition in a certain way affects the entire body and individual organs and systems.

That is, what we eat can be medicine or poison. By changing the content in the food system of certain products, it is possible to influence the course of the disease, speed up recovery and improve the patient's condition. These principles formed the basis of this direction.

Modern trends

It should be noted that the principles of diet therapy remain the same at all times. But doctors' views are changing. Previously, diet therapy was practiced, in which the main emphasis was on excess nutrition. Such a measure led to an overload of the digestive organs. And this increases the risk of developing allergic reactions. The only justified method is the inclusion of a large amount of protein. Outside of exacerbation, the diet is more like a regular he althy diet. A table without frills, but without excess fat. Based on the foregoing, it is very difficult to overestimate the value of diet therapy.

But eating a lot of fat is not recommended. In this case, the body will direct its forces to its processing or storage in reserve. And now they need something else. An exception may be the need to add butter to the diet, which is especially important for tuberculosis.

The need for individual selection

The effectiveness of diet therapy will depend on how well it is chosen. Therefore, only the most experienced and competent specialists work in the sanatorium. Diet is needed for various diseases. Moreover, the effectiveness of treatment depends on how the patient eats during recovery. Usually the attending physician gives his recommendations, which the patient must follow. The more severe the illness, the more complete the diet should be.

It is especially important to follow the rules of dietary nutrition in case of pathology of the digestive tract and metabolism. Very often it is the diet that gives positive results when other treatments are ineffective. If we are talking about chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, then reasonable restrictions will have to be observed throughout life.

Key Factors

Features of diet therapy will depend on a number of points:

• Correct selection of products, taking into account the composition.
• Quantitative and qualitative calculations are very important. That is, the content of BJU, vitamins and minerals.
• How the dish will be prepared is a fundamental factor.
• The calorie content of food is taken into account without fail.

That is, the diet should be complete. A competent nutritionist considers the following points:

• A strict diet cannot last. This is usually an emergency measure that is needed only during the acute phase. After that, the diet is expanded, as a strict restriction creates a deficiency of nutrients.
• The treatment diet is gradually expanding.

Correction of the diet is important at different stages of the disease. At the earliest, it helps to relieve intoxication and pain, to create the prerequisites for recovery. In the later stages, it provides the body with the strength it needs to recover.

Table number 1

Used in the treatment of ulcers and gastritis. Widely used in case of peptic ulcer. Table number 1 will be of great help in chronic gastritis or in acute gastritis, when the acute phase is coming to an end. The acute phase is not the time forexperiments. Sometimes a person is transferred to water or lean broth for several days.

For the patient, the physiological content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the diet is recommended. The content of table s alt is limited. Energy value - 2800 kcal. Protein should be at least 100 g.

Allowed and prohibited foods

Diet therapy for gastritis is the key to successful treatment. At first glance, it seems sad to eat only boiled, stewed and mashed foods. But this way you give the stomach a chance to rest and repair itself.

• Milk can be added to tea if desired. Yesterday's white bread. You can and should use low-fat dairy products, mashed cottage cheese, yogurt, butter in small quantities. No more than two eggs are allowed each day. As a main dish, you can cook vegetable or milk soup puree. It is very useful to eat vegetables: potatoes, zucchini, young cabbage and pumpkin. They need to be mashed. Sweet, ripe fruits and berries can be eaten baked, put in jelly and compotes. Any cereals, lean meat - all this should be on the table every day. For dessert, you can have marshmallow or marshmallows.
• Strong broths and decoctions are prohibited. You need to give up mushrooms, fatty meat. For the period of exacerbation, pickles and smoked meats, marinades and canned food should be removed from the diet. This list includes pastries and soda. White cabbage and onions should be excluded from vegetables. Therapeutic diet 1 is prescribed in the acute phase of the disease and serves as a prerequisite for recovery.

Table number 2

Used for gastritis and colitis. This is a physiologically complete diet rich in extractive substances. Therapeutic nutrition for diseases of the digestive system excludes products that linger in the stomach for a long time, are difficult to digest and irritate the mucous membrane and receptor apparatus. Diet has a stimulating effect on the secretory apparatus of the stomach. Dishes can be boiled, baked, stewed or fried without flour.

Table number 4

It is prescribed for acute and chronic bowel diseases during an exacerbation with severe diarrhea. In this case, the first task is to relieve the burden on the intestines, that is, the amount of fat consumed is reduced as much as possible. In parallel, it is recommended to reduce the amount of carbohydrates. But the body needs protein every day. And s alt will have to be completely abandoned, in parallel, products that are mechanical and chemical irritants of the mucosa are excluded. All dishes that lead to an increase in the processes of fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines are prohibited. During bouts of diarrhea, and so the person feels pain and seething in the abdomen.

That is, various canned food, fatty meat are banned. S alting and smoking, pastry products - all this must be removed until better times. Any diet implies restrictions, but how serious they will be depends on the disease and its severity. Therefore, the sooner therapy is started, the better the results will be.

Table number 5

Used for hepatitis and other liver diseases. Therapeutic diet 5 involves the use of a normal amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. It is recommended to eat more vegetables and fruits, less fatty and sweet.

• Fruit and berry juices, compotes and jelly, tea, dried bread of all varieties are allowed. Milk powder and condensed with tea. Fat-free cottage cheese is especially recommended. You can have various soups in vegetable broth, meat products of lean varieties. Viscous and semi-viscous cereals, any vegetables and fruits are very useful. Eggs can be no more than one per day. Sweets can be honey.
• Fresh bread and buns, as well as pastry products are prohibited. Chicken fats and soups in meat broths, fatty meat and fish. This list includes eggs, mustard, peppers and horseradish, sour vegetables and fruits, ice cream and cream cakes, black coffee and cocoa.

Healing nutrition for diseases of the digestive system can significantly reduce the recovery time and alleviate the patient's condition. This is its main meaning.

Treatment table number 8

This is the main diet used in weight management. Diet therapy for obesity is the main therapeutic effect. Only by limiting the excessive intake of fats and carbohydrates, we can talk about successful weight loss. And this is not a one-time measure. If you lose weight, but then return to your usual diet, you will again face the same problem. This diet is prescribed in the treatment of obesity, if there are no diseases of the digestive system, liver and cardiovascular system. OtherwiseIn this case, the doctor will need to adjust the diet in such a way as to solve several problems at the same time.

Key Features

He althy eating is more than just calorie restriction. It is fundamentally different from mono-diets, which impoverish the body and create a deficiency of nutrients. The total calorie content of the diet is 1800 kcal and is designed for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle. Calorie reduction is done by limiting the intake of sugar and foods that contain it.

If you want to eat right and not experience the pangs of hunger, you can take he alth food as a basis. This is not so difficult, since a small reduction in the caloric content of the diet does not allow you to feel hungry. If you add physical activity to this, you can lose 2.5 kg in a month. This is a good result, because you can’t lose weight faster.

In addition to the restriction of sugars, the amount of animal fats is also reduced with their partial replacement with vegetable ones. This promotes weight loss and improves well-being. This increases the amount of fiber, which maintains a feeling of satiety for a maximum period. The source is fruits and vegetables.

BJU

Protein intake is at the upper limit of normal. That is, 90-120 g of pure protein per day. The amount of fat is reduced to 60 g, and carbohydrates - up to 150-250 g. You can consume up to 3 kg of food daily. That is, you can afford quite a lot of vegetables and fruits, herbs and cereals,fish and cottage cheese. There is room for meat, but not sausages or fried cutlets. Occasionally, you can afford baking, but without adding fat. But an experienced nutritionist can clearly prove that the diet of a person on a diet is not at all scarce. It is quite varied and bright, rich in greens and vegetables.

Sample set of products

To get 1800 kcal, you need to write a daily diet in the morning. This will make it easier to distribute the selected products. It could be:

• Dairy products - 400g
• Cereals - 200g
• Meat - 200g
• Apples - 200g
• Cottage cheese - 100 g, can be supplemented with a spoonful of sour cream.
• River fish - 100g
• Egg - 1 boiled.
• Fresh cabbage - 300g
• Various vegetables - 600g

As you can see, the list is far from small. This also includes oils, vegetable and butter. That is, the feeling of hunger does not threaten you, but you will have to spend a certain amount of time in the kitchen so that you have salads and soups, steamed meat and fish, cereals on your table. But your he alth is worth the time spent. In addition, today housewives have assistants: multicookers, double boilers, ovens. They will successfully take on part of the work.

Instead of a conclusion

Diet therapy is a powerful tool that allows you to quickly and easily cure the patient. It is widely used in hospitals and sanatoriums, so that the therapeutic effect is complex. But at home, you can use it with great success. If you have been diagnosed with a chronic diseaseGastrointestinal tract, then the diet will have to be followed constantly. During periods of exacerbation, it should be stricter, and during the period of remission, you can afford to relax.