Differences in clinical nutrition of individual patients

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

50% of the patient's he alth depends only on his lifestyle. Doctors themselves say so, and this is the purest truth.

The fact is that the outcome of all diseases depends not only on the correct course of medicines, their dosages and medical procedures. Along with them, the regimen and specialized medical nutrition are of paramount importance. This is due to the fact that with any disease, the human body is gradually depleted, its metabolism is disturbed, there is a deficiency and an excess of certain metabolites. And if this is maximally compensated by the intake of only the necessary nutrients, then the restoration of all functions will occur much faster than with uncontrolled, completely non-healing nutrition.

Dangerous conditions due to malnutrition

So, with diabetes, the slightest excess of sugar in food can cause the development of ketoacidotic coma, while hypoglycemia also leads to depression of the patient's consciousness. Therefore, in the clinical nutrition of such patients, the number of products witheasily digestible carbohydrates, high content of glucose and fats. They are assigned table number 9, designed specifically for such patients.

Clinical nutrition of patients takes on even more acute significance with lesions of the gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, various disorders of liver function and morphology. For them, food is not only a source of energy, but also a provocateur of exacerbation of their diseases. Therefore, they are assigned specialized tables 1, 2 and 5, aimed at a pronounced reduction in fat, acidic, spicy and poorly digestible foods, carbonated drinks. In the medical nutrition of such patients, there is even a period of complete hunger in order to unload the already tense state of their organs and muffle the pathological processes in them. It is also important to compensate for all the energy costs of the disease and improve digestion. For this, gentle cooking methods are recommended: steaming, stewing, decoctions, and mucous soups are preferred, which have the property of enveloping the intestinal walls to protect them from microbes and their toxins.

Nutrition for heart and kidney disease

Much attention in clinical nutrition is also given to patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. There is a separate 10th table for them. This diet takes into account the need to increase energy and protein products in order to stabilize the walls of blood vessels and cell membranes, as well as a sharp restriction of fats and sugar. The ionic composition for such patients is also of great importance,because, as everyone knows, potassium and magnesium are indispensable sources of energy for the work of the heart.

And for patients with various lesions of the urinary system, not only the technology of cooking and the content of certain products is important, but also the content of liquid and s alt. This is due to the frequency of development in such patients of edema, urination disorders, therefore table No. 7 is intended for them. It has increased the amount of dairy products, vegetarian soups, fish, fruits and vegetables.