The principles of clinical nutrition: definition, basics, methods, organization, tasks, goals and benefits for the body

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Not everyone knows how good or bad food can be for the body. As fuel for the human body, food has a significant impact on it. Eating harmful foods, a person slowly destroys himself from the inside. Exactly the opposite happens when, along with therapy, the patient begins to eat properly, using the treatment menu. That is why it is so important to know about all its nuances. Proper, clean and wholesome nutrition can fully restore a person from a protracted illness, relieve severe symptoms, improve his well-being and increase productivity.

Defining Therapeutic Nutrition

He althy nutrition is a well-thought-out diet that is balanced with all the necessary nutrients and trace elements. At the same time, it is always specially developed to improve the well-being of a person during the therapeutic period.treatment. Products contained in the therapeutic diet accelerate the recovery process of the body, strengthen its protective functions, and also maintain muscle tone. Therefore, it is so important to choose not only he althy food, but also nutritious. To understand the basics of clinical nutrition, you need to carefully study all its principles and features.

He althy nutrition principles

The therapeutic diet is compiled for each person individually. This takes into account the clinical and pathogenetic features of the disease. Doctors consider the patient's disease as a deviation from the metabolic as well as the enzymatic state of the body. It was on the basis of these indicators that the principles of therapeutic nutrition were indicated. They are based on the individual needs of the body for micronutrients and energy. Biologically active substances in certain doses can affect the body no less than many drugs. An important role is played by the age of a person, his weight, as well as the stage and phase of the disease.

Therapeutic diet is always consistent with general therapy. Long-term and chronic diseases such as stomach ulcers, diabetes, urolithiasis, gastritis, entail a diet for a period of 1 to 6 months. The principles of therapeutic nutrition should not be violated. Even a slight deviation from the formulated diet can adversely affect the entire treatment.

Organization of medical nutrition

The most important andA common mistake in clinical nutrition is self-diagnosis. Due to the fact that a huge amount of information is in the public domain, many try to diagnose themselves on their own, choosing a therapeutic diet in the same way. Such tactics can only provoke an aggravation of the condition. The diagnosis should be made exclusively in the doctor's office and only after passing all the necessary tests. Only after that you can go for advice to a nutritionist. The profile specialist will assess the immune system, determine pathological changes and organize a plan according to the basic principles of therapeutic nutrition. Self-medication can only hurt.

The basics of a therapeutic diet

The menu is always based on the following rules:

• Individual approach. A huge role in the diet is played by the tasks and principles of building therapeutic nutrition. Food and its amount is selected based on weight, height, type and phase of the disease. The specialist also takes into account possible allergic reactions to a particular dietary product.
• Restoration of metabolism. Therapeutic nutrition should be light, sparing, but at the same time improve the functioning of metabolism. For example, people suffering from diabetes should not consume fast carbohydrates that provoke a sharp jump in blood glucose levels.
• Studying the composition of products. All ingredients of clinical nutrition contain a special chemical composition. Before adding a new product to the diet, it is necessary to carefully study its properties, andalso make sure that it does not harm the body. Even the he althiest foods can be allergenic or difficult to digest in the stomach due to the nature of the digestive tract.
• Choice of heat treatment. The benefits of products largely depend on their culinary processing. For example, some types of vegetables, fruits or vegetable oils lose their nutrients after heat treatment and are digested worse. Therefore, many doctors advise not to process most of the vegetables and fruits, but to eat them raw.
• Correct diagnosis. Before compiling a therapeutic diet, it is necessary to consult with several doctors, as well as get referrals from them for tests. Only after an accurate diagnosis can you start a therapeutic diet.

Following the principles of therapeutic nutrition, doctors create an individual diet that not only helps to restore and restore he alth, but also prevent the emergence of new diseases.

He althy Nutrition Rules

Regardless of the individual composition of the treatment menu, there are certain rules that regulate the frequency and method of meals:

• Don't take long breaks between meals. The break should not exceed 4-5 hours.
• Food should not be too rich and nutritious. Also, you can not overeat and leave the table with a feeling of fullness in the stomach.
• Cold dishes should not be below 12 ° C, and hot -not higher than 60 °С.
• Each product must be chewed thoroughly, not eaten in a hurry or on the go.
• Therapeutic diet should not exclude any useful substances.

Therapeutic Nutrition Methods

There are three main methods of this diet:

• Stepped. This diet is a gradual change of familiar foods to the right and he althy ones. At the same time, a person does not feel within the limits and is easier to keep on a therapeutic diet.
• Contrasting. This method of therapeutic nutrition involves sudden changes in diets. This approach is being developed by doctors to increase appetite and reduce stress from dietary restrictions.
• Strict. It is used in cases where a person's disease is extremely dangerous. To prevent worsening of the condition, it is necessary to adhere to a strict diet and in no case break it.

The principles of preventive nutrition are always based on knowledge about the immune system, as well as the causes of diseases. The selection of nutrients is always carried out taking into account the upcoming changes in the body, which inevitably appear during the recovery period from the disease. That is why it is so important to consult a doctor for a diet plan. Only he will be able to choose a full-fledged menu, taking into account all the principles of clinical nutrition.

Problems of clinical nutrition

Going for a consultation with a doctor, each person wants to get the maximum amount of usefulinformation. When compiling therapeutic nutrition, the specialist takes into account many factors, among which the type of disease plays the main role, as well as the general condition of the body. The main task of therapeutic nutrition is the restoration of he alth. Most often it is used in conjunction with drug treatment. In this case, a new diet is prescribed by a doctor for a certain period of time. The objectives ofand the principles of therapeutic nutrition should be considered in the first place.

During the treatment period, you can not deviate from therapy. It is necessary to adhere to all the recommendations of the doctor, both in the field of drug treatment and in the field of nutrition. The principles of building therapeutic nutrition largely depend on the self-discipline of the patient. If he does not follow the recommendations prescribed by the doctor, no diet will work properly.

Goals and benefits for the body

To get the most out of food, you should know the basic principles of nutritional management. To do this, you need to know everything about the products that are included in its basis. Of these, six groups must be distinguished:

1. Dairy products (kefir, curdled milk, milk, cottage cheese).
2. All kinds of vegetables, fruits, berries.
3. Protein-rich foods (meat, poultry, nuts, fish).
4. Cereals, bakery products.
5. He althy fats (vegetable oils, fatty fish).
6. Sweets (honey, marshmallow, sugar).

This product list is not always fully utilized. For example, if a person is obese, bakery products, as well as sweets, will be excluded from the therapeutic diet. Instead, the focus will be on the second and third product groups. In order for a diet to be beneficial, it is impossible to exclude he althy ingredients from it, as well as limit the intake of vitamins.

If you follow the above tips, therapeutic nutrition will not only help eliminate an unpleasant disease, but also improve the general condition of the body, as well as strengthen its protective properties. That is why many nutritionists recommend practicing it as a preventive measure at least once a year.