Low purine diet: who needs it, list of products, menu

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-18 00:50

The low purine diet (also known as hypopurine) is a treatment table designed for people suffering from gout. The disease occurs as a result of an unbalanced, malnutrition, which, in turn, leads to the accumulation of uric acid s alts in the joints. Therefore, changing the diet, as well as controlling the foods consumed, is a fundamental factor in the treatment of gout. To properly compose the menu, you need to get to know the enemies - purines. Find out which foods contain them and which are safe to eat. Also in the article there are several examples of menus that will allow you to get a clear idea of \u200b\u200bwhat the diet should be.

Important information about the low purine diet

Rational nutrition is an integral part of therapy. Inflammatory processes occurring in the joints give a person a lot of discomfort. Gout- This is a metabolic disorder, in which it is possible to alleviate symptoms and reduce the likelihood of complications precisely by correcting nutrition. Why is it important? Uric acid is formed in the body - this is the result of the exchange of purine bases. It happens in the liver. This condition is also called hyperuricemia. Symptoms of increased uric acid in the blood:

• joint soreness: hands and feet are affected first, then larger joints;
• hyperthermia and redness of the skin - occurs if the pathology is not treated.
• pain in the lower back, abdomen, painful urination - appear due to damage to the digestive system and urinary system.
• frequent headaches, insomnia, hypertension, angina pectoris, heart attack caused by damage to the heart and blood vessels;
• tartar formation.

Pathology also occurs in children. Only in them it is expressed by skin lesions. Such children often suffer from dermatitis, diathesis and even psoriasis.

Who needs a low purine diet? The treatment table is also prescribed for urolithiasis. This pathology can be independent or secondary, that is, it occurs against the background of gout. Both diseases are associated with impaired s alt metabolism. Therefore, similar nutritional patterns are used in therapy.

The hypopurine diet is based on the exclusion from the diet of foods rich in purines. It is the material that fills the cell structure. When purines are broken down, urea is formed. If there is a lot of it, it leads to the development of gout. That's why it's so important to eliminatefrom the diet of such foods.

In therapeutic dietology there is table number 6. This is a nutrition scheme developed by Pevzner, a general practitioner who is directly related to the creation of the first Institute of Nutrition in the USSR, and is also the founder of dietology. Patients can take advantage of his recommendations regarding the preparation of the menu. Also, the diet can be completely prescribed by the attending physician. The advantage of the latter option is that the doctor will do this based on the characteristics of the body of a particular patient.

Allowed and prohibited foods

Diet involves the exclusion from the diet of most of the usual food. What you can and cannot eat is listed in the table below. Purines in foods can be high, moderate, or low. The daily norm of a he althy person is 700-1000 mg. At the same time, gout patients should consume no more than 100-150 mg of such substances.

Product type	Can	Can't
Vegetables	Beets, carrots, cucumbers, green bell peppers, potatoes, pumpkin, tomatoes	Sorrel, cauliflower, spinach, pickled and s alted vegetables, legumes
Meat	Up to 3 times in 7 days it is allowed to include boiled or steamed meat or low-fat poultry in the menu	Meat of young animals, liver, brains and kidneys, canned food, meatsemi-finished products
Pastry	Stale wheat and rye bread, bran pastries, croutons	Cream cakes, puff pastry and pastry (occasionally possible)
Fish	Up to 3 times in 7 days boiled or baked. Or steamed lean fish	Fatty types of sea and river fish, sardines, canned food and preserves, herring, smoked fish
Grains	All types of cereals are allowed, but in limited quantities
Sweets, fruits	Walnuts and hazelnuts, marmalade and fruit cream, jelly, marshmallow. Fresh, dried or boiled pears, plums, grapes and apricots	Sweets with dyes, meringue, chocolate, raspberries, figs
Dairy products	Not spicy or s alty cheese, curdled milk, cottage cheese, sour cream, milk and low-fat kefir
Eggs	Up to 1 piece a day boiled or scrambled eggs
Liquid dishes, spices and sauces	Secondary meat broth and soups based on it. Tomato, sour cream and milk sauces. Cinnamon.	Strong broths.
Drinks	Rosehip broth, juices, unsweetened coffee and tea, mineral and plain water	Strongteas, hot chocolate, cocoa, strong coffee, sodas with colors, alcoholic beverages
Salads and appetizers	Vinaigret, fresh vegetable salad, squash and eggplant caviar
Fats	Butter and vegetable oil	Lard, pork, beef and cooking fats

General nutrition advice

The purine foods listed in the table should literally be memorized, but they're not the only things gout sufferers need to know. There are a number of rules that are also recommended to follow:

• Divide the total amount of food into several meals (fractional meals). At the same time, portions should be small.
• Don't overeat. Small serving plates will help with this, with which you need to replace the usual ones.
• Eat meat and fish in small portions. It is allowed to eat up to 150 g of the first and 170 g of the second product per day.
• Strongly limit your s alt intake. It cannot be completely abandoned, but it must be reduced to a minimum.
• Don't starve. Lack of food negatively affects he alth. Therefore, the best option is to arrange fasting days.

The role of fasting days in the hypopurine diet

It is necessary to conduct them without fail, as this has a positive effect on the patient's well-being. We can say that in a diet for gout and high uric acid, this is a separate item that should be observed. Completely renouncefood is not even for one day. It is recommended to eat red apples and drink herbal or green tea. A salad of two types of vegetables, low-fat sour cream with cottage cheese is suitable. On fasting days, boiled rice with milk is used. You need to cook 70 g of cereal and stretch it for the whole day. Such fasting days will positively affect both he alth and well-being. It is recommended to carry them out once a week.

Treatment table No. 6 according to Pevzner

Diet, developed by one of the best specialists in the field of nutrition in the USSR, can significantly improve the patient's condition. Its purpose is to normalize the metabolism of purines and cleanse the body of harmful substances, as well as to reduce the amount of uric acid and its s alts.

Treatment table No. 6 - a low-purine diet for men and women, in which the norms of BJU and daily calorie content are observed. Proteins contain approximately 75 g, carbohydrates - 400 g, fats - 85 g. The calorie content is 2750 kcal. Includes 1500ml liquid and 10g s alt.

A prerequisite is the initial boiling of fish and meat. Only after that you can subject them to other heat treatment, for example, fry, stew, bake.

All cereals are allowed, but in moderation. You can enjoy marmalade, jam, honey and marshmallow. Soups are prepared vegetarian on a secondary broth. That is, when it boils, wait 3-4 minutes, then drain the water, and boil the meat a second time. It is allowed to cook cabbage soup, potato, vegetable andadding cereals soups, borscht, beetroot. Many vegetables, fruits, berries and dried fruits can be used, both fresh and after heat treatment.

Various dairy products, salads, eggplant and squash caviar and vegetable sauces are also allowed on this diet. Table number 6 includes potatoes, which are especially he althy and can be used to make many different dishes. It is recommended to drink more water, green tea, compotes and decoctions. Weak tea or coffee is allowed, but with milk, as these products contain the highest amount of purines.

Forbidden foods include concentrated broths on meat, fish and mushrooms. You can not eat legumes and spinach, sorrel, smoked meats, pickles, canned food, fish caviar. Even mushrooms and offal will be harmful. Limit your intake of foods containing oxalic acid. What food is it in? In large quantities - in cocoa beans, beets, spinach, sprouted wheat, some nuts and dry biscuits. In moderation - in chocolate, oatmeal, raspberries, parsley, eggplant.

Basic rules of the hypopurine diet

All important information has been stated above. Also, patients who make up a low-purine diet on their own should be aware that the amount of protein consumed in the daily diet should be reduced to about 100 g. It can be less, but not more. Meanwhile, protein is an important element for the construction of new cells. Therefore, it cannot be severely limited either.

Only lean foods should be included in the dietproducts. If there is obesity, the menu is designed in such a way that the amount of carbohydrates received is as low as possible. The diet is based on low-calorie foods, which will help to gradually get rid of excess weight. You may need the help of a nutritionist.

You need to drink more ordinary water - at least 1500 ml per day. If there are diseases of the cardiovascular system, it is necessary to discuss the rate with your doctor. Limit s alt intake to around 10 grams per day.

How to make a diet?

The diet is based on the above list of products. A low purine diet must be balanced so that the body receives all the substances necessary for its proper functioning. If it is difficult to make a menu on your own, you can seek help from a doctor or find ready-made options. But in general, there is nothing difficult in this matter if you know which products are prohibited and which are allowed.

You can include dishes prepared according to the following recipes in your diet:

• Carrot salad. Grate the vegetable, boil the egg and chop. Mix the products, add croutons and dress the salad with low-fat sour cream.
• Milk vermicelli soup. Boil 1 liter of milk in a saucepan. Break the vermicelli into small pieces. Put in milk and cook for 15 minutes until tender.
• Fruit and berry salad. Be sure to include it in the menu of a low purine diet. Peel the apple and pear, then cut into pieces. Turn kiwi into puree. Mix everythingproducts together, season with yogurt or sour cream. You can add a few slices of strawberries.

The hypopurine diet gives the first positive results after a short period of time, if you follow all the recommendations and follow the agreed rules. After about a week, the patient's condition improves significantly, and the symptoms soften. This has a positive effect not only on the physical condition of a person and his general well-being, but also has a beneficial effect on the emotional sphere.

Below are several dietary options for gout and high uric acid. They are examples of how to make your own diet. You can also use these options for daily meals.

Hypopurine Diet Option 1

Monday:

• Breakfast - oven baked pumpkin, boiled egg, grain bread and tea with honey.
• Snack - carrot juice.
• Lunch - chicken noodle soup and chicken meatballs.
• Snack - beet-carrot caviar and herbal tea.
• Dinner - boiled fish fillet and apple juice.
• Before going to bed - a little cottage cheese and kefir.

Tuesday:

• Breakfast - cottage cheese pudding with sour cream, chicory and oatmeal cookies.
• Snack - banana.
• Lunch - beetroot, oven-baked turkey meat with vegetables.
• Snack - weak tea and carrot salad.
• Dinner - oven baked potatoes and green tea.
• Before bed - milk and blueberry jam.

Wednesday:

• Breakfast - wheat porridge, herbal tea with crackers.
• Snack - milk with biscuits.
• Lunch - vegetable soup with sour cream, boiled turkey meat.
• Snack - vegetable salad and green tea.
• Dinner - vegetable stew and fruit tea.
• Before going to bed - fermented baked milk.

Thursday:

• Breakfast - cottage cheese and compote.
• Snack - sour cream baked zucchini and cucumber juice (very useful in a low purine diet).
• Lunch - vegetarian borscht and potato patties.
• Snack - tea and pancakes with jam.
• Dinner - vegetable stew and juice.
• Before going to bed - berry compote.

Friday:

• Breakfast - milk noodle soup and green tea with milk.
• Snack - cottage cheese and rosehip broth with honey.
• Lunch - milk barley soup with croutons.
• Snack - fresh vegetable salad dressed with oil, rosehip broth.
• Dinner - baked fish and dried fruit compote.
• Before going to bed - a glass of yogurt.

Saturday:

• Breakfast - bread with a slice of cheese and tea.
• Snack - boiled egg and a glass of fruit juice.
• Lunch - vegetable soup, vinaigrette and fish stew.
• Snack - jelly with crackers.
• Dinner - vegetable salad with potato chops, compote.
• Before going to bed - kefir with dried fruits.

Sunday:

• Breakfast - oatmeal, a slice of cheese and compote.
• Snack - bell pepper salad with tomatoes, dressed with olive oil, compote.
• Lunch– buckwheat soup and boiled fish with rice.
• Snack - tea with bread and cottage cheese.
• Dinner - fruit salad with yogurt, green tea and biscuits.
• Before going to bed - fermented baked milk.

Since fasting days are important when following a low-purine diet for gout, it is recommended to “clear” one of them from good nutrition.

Hypopurine Diet Option 2

It is proposed to make a weekly diet on your own from the following dishes.

For breakfast:

• pumpkin pancakes with raisins;
• carrot casserole with fruits;
• carrot curd;
• buckwheat porridge;
• weak teas and coffees;
• millet porridge with apples;
• toast with butter or cheese.

For lunch:

• potato and carrot patties;
• stewed vegetables;
• shchi with rye croutons;
• stewed cabbage;
• beef cutlets;
• rice porridge;
• carrot or squash soup;
• potato-cabbage salad;
• tomato and grant juice;
• potato fish pie;
• milk vermicelli soup.

For dinner:

• vegetable stuffed cabbage;
• corn porridge with curdled milk;
• salad with egg, carrots and croutons;
• oatmeal with applesauce;
• lingonberry broth, curdled milk, milk or jelly;
• beetroot salad;
• pasta casserole;
• pancakes with strawberries;
• rice-stuffed pepper;
• pumpkin pudding;
• fresh vegetable salad.

For a snack:

• curd soufflé;
• blueberry-apricot jelly;
• blackberry banana cocktail;
• cereal with milk;
• blueberry yogurt cake;
• fruit salad;
• cereal yogurt;
• melon;
• peach with curdled milk;
• strawberries with cream;
• carrot juice.

It is important to remember that portions should be small.

Hypopurine Diet Option 3

This is Pevzner's treatment table 6. The diet is soft, the menu is quite varied. Another option:

• Breakfast: vinaigrette with sour cream, a slice of bread with butter, cottage cheese, tea.
• Snack: scrambled eggs, buckwheat, juice.
• Lunch: vegetable soup with sour cream, meat fried in croutons, fried potatoes with sauerkraut.
• Snack: compote.
• Dinner: vegetable cutlets, pasta casserole, jelly.
• Snack: a bun with a glass of milk.

Creating a menu will not be difficult even for a person far from medicine and nutrition. The main thing is to remember the list of foods that can be consumed and purine-containing foods that are prohibited.