Thyroid diseases: diet, allowed and prohibited foods, recipes

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

If a person has problems with the thyroid gland, then he will have to not only be treated, but also eat right. Diet modification is one of the key factors that play a role in recovery.

What kind of diet will be in case of existing thyroid ailments depends on the disease. All of them differ in different genesis and clinical manifestations. Of course, the approach to treatment and nutrition also varies. So now we will talk about the main aspects of this topic and the universal features regarding the diet.

Endemic goiter

With this disease of the thyroid gland, the diet should replenish the body's energy costs and restore disturbed metabolism. It is important that the food was high in calories. Here are the basic principles of the diet:

• Consumption of foods fortified with retinol, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin B1.
• Protein fortification.
• Daily consumption of dairy products, sesame seeds and fish.
• Steam cooking. Rejectioneverything spicy and spicy, from spices, strong broths, alcohol.
• Switching to fractional, frequent meals. By the way, this is the main provision of the diets recommended for thyroid gland diseases - this regimen normalizes the functions of the gastrointestinal tract and prevents the feeling of hunger.
• Restriction of s alt, but rather refusal from it.
• Exclusion from the diet of foods that provoke fermentation. This includes any soda, kvass (including homemade), legumes, apricots, grapes, peaches, black bread, plums.
• No chocolate, coffee, cocoa, strong tea, and iodine-enriched foods.

It is important to increase your daily energy value to 3000-3700 calories. A high protein content is recommended (1.2-1.5 grams per 1 kg of body weight).

Autoimmune thyroiditis

This disease is characterized by the production of antibodies to thyroglobulin by the body. Because of this disease, the thyroid gland becomes inflamed, destruction of its cells occurs. In this case, it is important to limit the consumption of foods that provoke autoimmune reactions.

Nutrition is aimed at restoring a he althy intestinal microflora, because it is precisely the changes that occur in it that are considered a key factor in all diseases of this nature.

If we talk about the basics of a diet suitable for this thyroid disease, here is what you should definitely include in the diet:

• Food enriched with Omega-3 fats. These are linseed oil, canola and chia seeds, seafood, eggs, fish,spinach, beans, arugula, cilantro.
• Meat from poultry and grass-fed animals.
• Seafood and fish living in natural conditions (ocean, sea, rivers).
• Fiber, vegetables, fruits.
• Eggplant, broccoli, leafy greens, kohlrabi, Brussels sprouts, Beijing sprouts, green peas, salads, bell peppers, sorrel, spinach, herbs, garlic.

Also, with such a thyroid disease, the diet involves enriching the diet with antioxidants, vitamins D, B9 and B12, iodine, selenium, magnesium and zinc.

Thyrotoxicosis

This syndrome is observed in many diseases of the thyroid gland. It is manifested by excessively active production of hormones and an increased level of basal metabolism. Due to increased catabolism, muscle atrophy and chronic weakness occur.

Since the disease is accompanied by a decrease in mineral balance and increased expenditure of calcium by the body, you need to actively consume foods enriched with potassium, phosphorus, vitamins (especially D), calcium.

With this thyroid disease, the diet is similar to that shown for goiter. Products should be easily absorbed by the body. Often thyrotoxicosis is accompanied by diarrhea, and in this case, a sparing diet No. 4B or No. 4B is indicated.

Iodine-Free Diet Before Thyroid Radioiodine Therapy

The menu in this case means special. A person needs to follow a certain diet in order to prepare for the procedure.

What is its principle? Complete rejection of allproducts containing iodine. It is important to adhere to this principle for 3-4 weeks. During this time, the so-called iodine starvation will occur. This will ensure maximum efficiency and effectiveness of the procedure.

The menu provided by the iodine-free diet before radioiodine therapy of the thyroid gland requires the following products to be abandoned:

• Sushi, seafood, fish.
• Algae.
• Any dairy product.
• Egg yolk.
• Products containing agar-agar.
• Anything that is orange.
• Soya.
• Garden greens, leafy vegetables.
• Red beans.
• Persimmon, feijoa.
• Chips, s alted nuts.
• Confectionery and pastries with iodate.
• Dried fruits (with the exception of raisins).

There are few restrictions, so the diet shown before radioiodine therapy of the thyroid gland is physiologically complete.

Hyperparathyroidism

With this disease, there is an increased content of parathyroid hormone in the blood. What are the features of the diet recommended for this thyroid disease?

The menu should consist of those dishes and foods that have a minimum calcium content. Therefore, the first thing to do is to give up milk and everything in which it is present.

Also the most important principle of the diet is to drink plenty of water. Excess calcium is excreted by the body in the urine, which forms the basis for nephrolithiasis. Therefore, you need to drink at least 6-8 glasses a day.

Hypothyroidism

This is a complex clinical symptomatic complex, characterized by a deterioration in the production of thyroid hormones. It is a common thyroid problem.

Diet will not help cure hypothyroidism if you ignore other medical recommendations, but in combination with drug therapy, it will give the result.

The purpose of proper nutrition is to reduce the energy value of the diet and accelerate the oxidative processes occurring in the body. If the patient has a normal weight, then he is shown diet No. 10. For obesity - No. 8.

Energy value drops to 2300-2500 calories. It is important to minimize the amount of carbohydrates (250 g) and animal fats (75 g).

Excluded foods containing cholesterol, as well as sugar, jams, honey, preserves, sweet and flour products. It is recommended to "lean" on sour-milk products, seafood, low-fat fish, vegetarian soups.

Euthyroidism

It has already been said above about what should be the diet for AIT of the thyroid gland and other common ailments. Now it is worth discussing aspects of proper nutrition in euthyroidism. This is a serious disease characterized by pathological processes occurring in the gland and tissue growth.

It is very important to include foods containing iodine in the diet. There is a lot of it in chokeberry, beets, seafood, seaweed. Also, the body should receive a sufficient amount of trace elements, proteins, fiber, vitamins. It is recommended to eat sour-milk products, mushrooms, berries and vegetables more often.crops, lean meats, rye black bread, fruits and cereals.

You need to give up s alty, spicy, rich, fatty, alcohol, tea, coffee, as well as cabbage, horseradish, turnip, mustard.

Adenoma

This is the name of a thyroid tumor. If it was found in a person, then he will also have to follow a balanced diet, enriching the diet with foods containing iodine. Dried fruits, legumes, nuts, millet and buckwheat porridge, beets, sea fish and seafood are recommended.

Also in the diet should be a sufficient amount of plant foods, proteins, fresh vegetables and fruits. But not those that provoke the processes of fermentation and gas formation.

Phytotherapy is considered a good addition. The diet should include infusions made on the basis of nettle leaves, burdock root and licorice, corn stigmas, violets, etc. Natural green tea and chestnut honey will also benefit.

Cashew Mayonnaise

Well, now we can turn our attention to some interesting recipes. Earlier it was said that the diet for autoimmune thyroiditis of the thyroid gland implies the rejection of various spices, dressings, etc. But this is quite difficult to refuse, since all such additives are powerful flavor enhancers.

Well, there is a legal and he althy alternative - homemade cashew mayonnaise. For its preparation you will need:

• garlic - 2 cloves;
• lemon juice - 1 tbsp. l.;
• cashew - 100 g;
• pinchHimalayan s alt.

Nuts should be left to soak in water for a day. Then grind them with garlic, s alt and lemon juice. Mayonnaise is ready! It will make an excellent addition to any dish and salad.

Lenten bean soup

This is another tasty and he althy dish that needs to be told about when it comes to the recommended diet for thyroid diseases for women and men.

Bean soup can be cooked if iodine intake is strictly prohibited. Just use the white variety. The recipe is:

• 100 grams of beans soak for 12 hours in cold water. After the time has passed, send it to the microwave for 25-30 minutes (power - 850 watts).
• Chop half an onion, pour olive oil (1 tbsp.). Also send for a couple of minutes in the microwave.
• Add one diced potato to the already cooked beans. Close and cook for another 15 minutes. It is important to monitor the water level - it should cover the contents completely.
• Then add the onion and 2-3 tbsp. l. zucchini caviar, pepper slightly. Cook for 2 more minutes.

Then you can decorate the soup with allowed greens, but not garden. You can season with s alt - but only one that does not contain iodine.

River fish soup

This is the next interesting dish allowed in the thyroiditis diet. For its preparation you will need:

• carp, weighing approximately 1 kg;
• onions - 2 pcs.;
• carrot - 1piece;
• groats (millet) - half a glass;
• water - 5 liters.

First, you need to boil the fish until cooked. It must fall behind the bones. Finely chop the carrots and onions, rinse the grits, and then add to the boiling broth. Add vegetables after 10 minutes. Season with a little black pepper. If you want, you can add coarsely chopped potatoes (1-2 pieces will be enough).

Before you remove the pan from the heat, put the carp meat, disassembled from the bones, into the soup. Before serving, it is recommended to sprinkle with herbs (dill, for example).

Steamed veal liver

This is an excellent option for a second course or dinner. For its preparation you will need:

• liver - 300g;
• onion - 150 g;
• olive oil - 2 tbsp. l.;
• carrot - 100 g;
• ground black pepper and s alt without iodine - to taste.

Grate the carrot and chop the onion. Lightly fry in olive oil. Peel the liver from films, beat off a little and cut into pieces of medium size. Put them in the pan on top of the stewed carrots and onions.

Cover and simmer for 15-20 minutes. At the very end, season with pepper and s alt. Serve with any side dish, mashed potatoes, buckwheat or pasta are best.

Cranberry jelly

This drink is very useful for thyroid diseases. The composition of cranberries includes monosaccharides, fiber, pectin, dietary fiber, organic acids, phosphorus, molybdenum, tin, sodium,magnesium, vitamin K1, riboflavin and many other valuable elements.

To prepare the jelly, you will need the following ingredients (the quantity indicated is calculated per serving):

• sugar - 20g;
• potato starch - 10g;
• cranberries - 20 g.

The berries need to be sorted out, rid of the stalks, and then washed thoroughly. Rub the cranberries, squeeze out the juice. Pour the pulp with water: for 1 share - 5 parts of water.

Bring this composition to a boil and cook for another 10-15 minutes. Then strain. Pour a little broth, dissolve sugar. Dilute starch.

What's next? Combine the starch mixture with the resulting composition and boil again. The last step is the introduction of cranberry juice into the jelly. You can drink it both chilled and warm.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it must be noted that even for patients with the same ailment, dietary recommendations usually differ. Each case is unique. Not only treatment, but also the principles of nutrition depend on the physiological characteristics of the body.