Nutrition for dysbacteriosis: list of products, sample menu

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Intestinal dysbacteriosis (dysbiosis) is not a disease, but a condition caused by an unnatural change in the intestinal microflora, which occurs due to a replacement of the bacterial composition. During intestinal dysbacteriosis, beneficial bifido- and lactobacilli die. Due to this, the growth and development of harmful microorganisms that disrupt the normal functioning of the digestive tract occurs. Intestinal dysbacteriosis is most often accompanied by other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

This problem is widespread these days. According to statistics, more than 70% of men and women suffering from disorders of the digestive system have this disease. Most often, adults are susceptible to dysbacteriosis, but it sometimes occurs in children and even infants.

Approximately 2.5 kg (more than 450 species) of various microorganisms is part of the intestinal microflora of a he althy person. These microorganisms are involved in the process of breaking down and digesting food. The quality and quantity of beneficial and harmful bacteria in a he althy person is in a state of balance(normobiocinosis). In violation of normobiocenosis, a change in the structure of microorganisms in the intestine occurs, which leads to a violation of the digestive process.

Causes of dysbacteriosis

Since intestinal dysbiosis is a syndrome caused by various internal and external factors, the reasons for its development may be different.

• Uncontrolled intake of drugs (antibiotics, antidepressants, hormonal, etc.). These drugs destroy both pathogenic microorganisms and useful, vital ones.
• Unhe althy diet. Chemical additives that are part of various foods can cause a violation of the physiological balance of the intestinal microflora. If the diet lacks plant foods and sour-milk, and for the most part it consists of fatty, spicy and sweet foods. Constant overeating or, conversely, a rigid diet.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Diseases of the pancreas, intestines and liver can cause a failure in the release of enzymes. If there are few enzymes and they are not enough to break down and digest food, then undigested foods will begin the process of fermentation in the stomach. Diseases such as gastritis, ulcers, cholecystitis, pancreatitis change the internal environment of the intestine, they make it alkaline and too acidic for the normal functioning of beneficial microorganisms. Dysentery, salmonellosis, giardiasis and helminthiasis are diseases in which the intestines aremicroparasites and pathogenic microbes. In the course of their life activity, they form substances that kill beneficial microorganisms.
• Diabetes mellitus, various oncologies, weak immunity and diseases of the endocrine system can lead to a violation of the physiological balance of microorganisms in the intestine.
• Mental and physical stress. Against the background of a surgical operation, vegetovascular dystonia or a psychological disorder, a person may be under the influence of severe stress. Stress can cause spasm or decreased activity of the intestinal muscles. Which can lead to difficulty moving food through the intestines.
• Old age. Over the years, people experience age-related changes in the body, which lead to a deterioration in the intestinal microflora.
• Unfavorable environment. A he althy person can also suffer from dysbacteriosis. Then the culprit for this is the unfavorable ecological situation, polluted air.
• Acclimatization. When the climate changes, the human body must get used to the new weather conditions. There is a failure in the daily routine and diet, which leads to a disorder of the intestinal microflora.

Symptoms of dysbacteriosis development

The signs of dysbacteriosis are closely associated with the factors that caused this syndrome, and are not specific. The most common symptoms include:

1. Heaviness and pain in the abdomen.
2. Belching accompanied by a bitter taste in the mouth.
3. Highgas formation in the abdomen.
4. Diarrhea. In some patients, feces may change color and texture. It can become very thin, pale in color, with a sour smell.
5. Constipation is typical for people of retirement age, when the colon loses its ability to contract due to age-related changes. During dysbacteriosis, constipation may often alternate with diarrhea.
6. Allergic rashes, dryness and redness of the mucous membrane and skin.

Stages of dysbacteriosis

The appearance of symptoms of an imbalance in the intestinal microflora depends on the stage of dysbacteriosis. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

The first stage. It is manifested by the absence of visible signs of dysbacteriosis, the maximum that can be is a seething in the stomach. The first stage of this disease may occur due to short-term use of drugs or changes in diet. At this stage, an insignificant imbalance of the microflora occurs, which can be restored by refusing to take medications and adjusting nutrition.

Second stage. At this stage, a person begins to feel the symptoms of dysbacteriosis. It is characterized by loss of appetite, frequent belching, increased gas formation and frequent stool disorders. For successful treatment of dysbacteriosis, it is necessary to consult a doctor when the first signs appear.

Third stage. At this stage of dysbacteriosis, the intestines are affected by such a number of harmful microorganisms that can cause inflammation of its walls. The third stage is more aggressivemanifestation of symptoms of the previous stage. The stool becomes liquid, with a sour smell and pieces of undigested food.

The fourth stage. At this stage, harmful pathogens completely crowd out fruitful bacteria. The fourth stage of intestinal dysbacteriosis can cause a number of complications: infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, anemia, vitamin deficiency, etc. As a result, loss of sleep, fatigue and depression are added to the above signs of dysbacteriosis.

The rate of development of dysbacteriosis from the first to the final stage is influenced by many different factors: age, immunity, environment, etc. You can get rid of the disease on your own only at the first stage. In this case, a diet for dysbacteriosis and taking drugs that contain live microcultures can help.

Dysbacteriosis treatment plan

For the treatment of dysbacteriosis, long-term and cumulative therapy is necessary, which can only be prescribed by a gastroenterologist after examining the patient. For each patient with intestinal dysbacteriosis, it is necessary to develop their own treatment plan, since the course of the disease is individual for everyone. The general treatment plan looks like this:

1. Elimination of pathogenic bacteria and microbes.
2. Populate the intestines with productive microorganisms.
3. Establish a physiological balance of intestinal microflora.
4. Restore normal bowel function and regulate the activity of the body's immune system.

In no case do not self-medicate, as this mayonly aggravate the situation and lead to serious consequences.

Treatment for dysbacteriosis

You can get rid of dysbacteriosis only by eliminating the cause of its appearance - to cure the disease that led to dysbacteriosis, complete the course of medication or improve nutrition. But more severe stages of intestinal dysbacteriosis require medical treatment. Modern medicine has developed several types of treatment for this disease.

Prebiotics and probiotics

Prebiotics are substances that enter the body with food. They remain in the intestine in an undigested state and form a favorable nutrient medium for the vital activity of obligate bacteria. These substances are rich in cereals, chicory and dairy products. It is very useful to include onion and garlic in the diet for dysbacteriosis, because they contain a large amount of prebiotics. It is worth remembering that it is impossible to use onions and garlic fresh, these products will benefit only in small doses in stewed and boiled form. In pharmacies, you can also buy lactulose preparations or bioactive supplements with oligosaccharides.

Probiotics are substances that include the entire set of bacteria important for the body. Once in the intestines, probiotics have a beneficial effect on the microflora. In the pharmacy you can find probiotic preparations based on lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.

Treatment of severe stages of dysbacteriosis

For the treatment of severe stages of intestinal dysbacteriosis, complex medications are used,which can be conditionally divided into 3 groups.

1. Antibacterial drugs and bacteriophages. These drugs affect a specific type of pathogenic microorganisms, delaying their growth and development. The drug is chosen clearly according to the spectrum of susceptibility of pathogenic microorganisms.
2. Drugs for symptomatic treatment. The doctor selects the drug depending on the symptoms of dysbacteriosis. Antispasmodics are prescribed for patients who suffer from diarrhea, laxatives for constipation, antihistamines for allergies, etc.
3. Immunomodulators and biostimulants. Since people with weakened immunity suffer from intestinal dysbacteriosis, biostimulants and immunomodulators are used in treatment. They accelerate the restoration of physiological balance and help to increase the body's defenses. You can take such drugs only with the approval of a doctor and give preference to herbal preparations.

Food

It is very important to establish nutrition for intestinal dysbacteriosis. The main task of therapeutic nutrition should be the restoration of beneficial intestinal microflora. To do this, you must adhere to a special diet for dysbacteriosis. What should she be?

Menu for intestinal dysbacteriosis in an adult should include 150 grams of protein, 350 grams of carbohydrates and 115 grams of fat. Nutrition should be complete and balanced. Be sure to observe the daily routine, do not overeat. Food should be eaten in small portions, but often. Products are best boiled or steamed. Can be baked in small quantitiesfood, but never fried.

An example of the daily diet of an adult suffering from dysbacteriosis

With dysbacteriosis, nutrition should be correct, the diet should be thought out and agreed with the doctor. Approximate menu of a person for one day:

• Breakfast. 2 boiled eggs, 220 g rice porridge, herbal tea.
• Snack. 2 baked apples with cottage cheese.
• Lunch. 200 g broth with pasta, 100 g boiled chicken, rosehip broth.
• Snack. 100 g crackers, compote.
• Dinner. 220 g stewed vegetables with beef.
• Second dinner. Kefir.

You should be careful to eat foods with dysbacteriosis, such as bakery products, soda, cucumbers, tomatoes and white cereals. Completely exclude from your diet smoked meats, fried, fatty and spicy dishes, yeast baked goods and sweets, home preservation, alcohol, raw vegetables and mushrooms.

What can you eat with dysbacteriosis? It is very useful to eat mashed vegetables and fruits, lean fish and meat, carrot and potato casseroles, greens, jelly and dried bran bread.

When compiling a diet for a patient, you should definitely include various cereals (they are very useful for dysbacteriosis), as they are rich in fiber, which helps the intestines work. All cereals contain a large amount of vitamins, trace elements and amino acids that help the body fight viruses and microbes. Dishes from cereals saturate the body for a long time and provide a good supply of energy.

Drinking liquids for dysbacteriosis

With intestinal dysbacteriosis, it is necessary to maintain the water balance in the body. An adult needs 2.5-3 liters of fluid per day, depending on lifestyle and season. It is best to use pure non-carbonated water. It should be remembered that it is absolutely impossible to drink sweet and carbonated drinks with dysbacteriosis. Of alcoholic beverages, only tart astringent wines are allowed in limited quantities. Beverages prepared by the fermentation process (beer, cider) are prohibited. Cocoa, green or herbal tea with intestinal dysbacteriosis quenches thirst well and has a positive effect on the intestinal microflora.

Since dairy and sour-milk products promote the growth and development of beneficial bacteria, you should regularly drink fresh kefir, natural milk yogurt enriched with lactic acid cultures, whey, curdled milk, koumiss and milk. However, you should be careful to drink fresh milk with dysbacteriosis with diarrhea, pain and bloating.

Conclusion

Intestinal dysbacteriosis, especially in the early stages, is not interpreted as a serious disease, but it significantly worsens a person's life and brings a lot of inconvenience. The development of the disease is due to the causes that caused dysbacteriosis.

The complexity of therapy lies in the need for an individual approach to each patient, a long course of treatment and strict adherence to nutritional rules whendysbacteriosis.

Therefore, when the first symptoms of dysbacteriosis appear, you need to seek medical help. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment will help to cope with the disease and avoid complications. Stay he althy!