Diet for coronary artery disease: allowed foods, menus and doctors' reviews

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Diet for coronary artery disease is one of the methods of therapy for this serious disease. It is used as an independent method of treatment or used in conjunction with other means to enhance their effectiveness. How accurately the patient adheres to the rules of a he althy diet depends on his physical condition. The patient should follow the recommendations for nutrition throughout life.

The Importance of Dieting

A person diagnosed with coronary heart disease needs a complete lifestyle change. This also applies to eating habits. A diet for coronary artery disease has a positive effect on the state of the whole organism, serves as an excellent prevention of exacerbation of pathologies and is a necessary component of therapy for each patient.

Compliance with all the doctor's recommendations, rejection of factors that can worsen the activity of the myocardium and blood vessels (smoking, alcohol intake, psychologicaloverload), maintaining a normal body weight and regular physical activity - all this allows you to forget about the symptoms of the disease. Reviews of experts indicate that plant foods containing a lot of fiber (bran bread, soybeans), seafood and foods rich in vitamin B6 contribute to the rapid breakdown and elimination of cholesterol. This substance negatively affects the state of the heart muscle, causes blockage of the vascular walls. The diet number for IHD according to Pevzner is 10. With the help of such a diet, the patient can get rid of excess kilograms, normalize blood clotting and lipid metabolism. This nutrition system is often used in conjunction with other therapies (pills, vitamin supplements).

How does the diet work?

A diet designed specifically for people with coronary heart disease has the following benefits.

1. Slows down the development of signs of atherosclerosis.
2. Promotes blood thinning.
3. Prevents blood pressure from rising.
4. Helps avoid excessive accumulation of cholesterol in the body.
5. Helps to strengthen myocardial tone.

Ischemic heart disease is often accompanied by concomitant pathologies. Therefore, the diet for IHD (table No. 10) can be adjusted by the attending doctor depending on the patient's condition.

Basic Nutrition Principles

As the basic rules of the diet for people suffering from this disease, you can list:

1. Need to reducethe energy value of products (due to the fact that patients, as a rule, lead an inactive lifestyle due to poor he alth).
2. Reducing the amount of milk fat. Foods to be limited include cream, butter, pork meat, lard, sour cream.
3. Exclusion from the diet of any offal, caviar (red and black). High-fat cheeses and egg yolks are also undesirable.
4. Diet for IHD involves the daily use of two tablespoons of vegetable oil (corn, sunflower) in its natural form. You can replace it with reduced-calorie margarine.



5. Limiting the amount of granulated sugar (up to 50 g per day) and desserts. You should give up chocolate, cakes and pastries, ice cream and sweets.
6. Inclusion in the daily diet of cereals, bread from wholemeal flour and bran, vegetables, fruits.
7. Regular use of kelp, fish, sea delicacies.
8. Food should be baked, boiled or stewed. Fatty broths, jelly, fried, smoked foods, pickles and canned food are undesirable.

Diet for coronary artery disease and angina pectoris (table number 10) involves fractional nutrition. Patients need to eat four to five times a day, in small volumes. Two hours before going to bed, you should refuse food. Between breakfast, lunch and dinner, you can have light snacks of fruit, low-fat yogurt, juice or milk.

Additional recommendations

Individuals suffering from ischemic heart disease and angina,too hot and too cold foods should be avoided. It is worth limiting the amount of table s alt to half a teaspoon per day. It is added to ready meals. If the dishes seem unusual, you can sprinkle them with a pinch of spices or sprinkle with lemon juice. Products containing a lot of s alt (cheese, sausage) are highly undesirable for patients. Doctors advise limiting the amount of fluid to 1.5 liters per day.

Recommendations for weight loss

The presence of excess kilograms further worsens the condition of patients suffering from myocardial pathologies. Therefore, in order to lose weight, they need to follow the rules of a he althy diet. A diet for coronary artery disease and obesity allows you to reduce weight (up to 1 kg in 7 days) without harm to he alth. According to doctors, it also contributes to the normalization of blood glucose, prevents the development of hypertension, improves the condition of the skin, physical stability and quality of life in general. Patients are advised to play sports at least 5 times a week (training can be replaced by brisk walking) and weigh themselves twice a month. In addition, patients should remember the following rules:

1. Do not eat more than 150 g of meat products per day.
2. It is necessary to abandon semi-finished products, butter, sausages, smoked meats, fast food.



3. Include lean fish in your diet. They should be consumed at least twice a week.
4. Reduce coffee and tea.
5. Limit or stop alcoholic beveragesfully. No more than 1 glass of wine per day is allowed.
6. Choose lean cheeses and low lipid dairy products.
7. Meals should be stewed, boiled or baked.
8. Eat enough fruits, berries, vegetables.

Diet for coronary artery disease for patients who are overweight should be compiled by the attending physician, taking into account the state of he alth, the number of excess kilograms, physical activity, age category and gender.

Diet for high blood pressure

In the presence of coronary heart disease and hypertension, the patient must remember the following rules:

1. It is necessary to significantly limit the consumption of coffee, cocoa, strong brewed tea.
2. Reduce the amount of spices, canned and s alty foods, smoked meats.
3. The diet for coronary artery disease and hypertension involves the rejection of foods high in lipids (fatty meats and fish, ice cream, buttercream desserts, offal).
4. Ethanol drinks should be avoided. The exception is dry red wine (the optimal dose is 200 ml per day).



5. Limit your s alt intake to 5 grams per day. And during the period of exacerbation of the pathology, it is better to abandon it altogether.
6. Reduce carbohydrates (granulated sugar, jam, sweets and honey).
7. Diet for coronary artery disease and hypertension involves limiting fluid volume to 1 liter per day.
8. Potatoes, beans, peas and bread are allowed in small quantities.

He althy meals for patients

People with coronary heart disease are recommended to eat the following types of food:

1. Low-fat varieties of fish. They help to remove excess cholesterol from the cells of the body. Thanks to this useful property, this food helps to improve the condition of blood vessels, strengthen their walls. Sometimes the patient can afford fatty fish (such as mackerel), but not fried.
2. Diet for IHD involves the use of vegetables, fruits and berries. However, potato dishes should be eaten very rarely. This product contributes to the accumulation of excess kilograms.
3. Patients benefit from bran. They can be added to cereals, first courses, yogurts. The allowable rate is three tablespoons per day. The product helps to remove harmful substances from the cells of the body.



4. Experts advise regularly eating cereals (buckwheat, oatmeal, millet porridge).
5. Pasta is allowed if it is made from durum flour.

Dishes to Avoid

Individuals suffering from coronary heart disease should not eat the following types of food:

1. Sausages, fast food, convenience foods.
2. High lipid dairy foods.
3. Caviar, egg yolks.
4. White bread and pastries.
5. Drinks containing ethanol (they increase appetite and are high in calories).
6. Desserts.
7. Mushrooms.
8. S alty, smoked dishes, fatty broths from meat, poultry orfish.
9. Radish, sorrel, radish, spinach.

Diet for IHD and atherosclerosis involves limiting foods that contribute to the accumulation of excess cholesterol and its deposition on the inner walls of blood vessels. Therefore, patients are advised to give preference not to scrambled eggs, but to a protein omelette, not to pork pulp, but to veal or rabbit meat. Butter (uns alted) is allowed as an addition to porridge or a slice of bran bread. At the same time, the quantity of this product should be limited.

Drinking mode

When drinking water, patients suffering from myocardial pathologies should also observe moderation. However, in the hot season, a person can increase the rate of fluid (up to three liters per day). Patients are allowed juices, fruit drinks, milk, yogurt, kefir. But they must be sweet. Carbonated drinks and beer should be excluded from the diet.

Several examples of a diet menu for IHD

The diet of patients with coronary heart disease can be quite varied and tasty. Sample diets are presented in this chapter. Here is one of them.

In the morning, the patient is offered cottage cheese with curdled milk or oatmeal with low-fat milk with a large spoonful of raisins, green tea with honey and lemon.

A little later you can have a second breakfast - 2 rye flour loaves, a grapefruit or two apples.

The daily meal consists of stewed vegetables with boiled chicken and rosehip compote.

Two or three walnut kernels, dried fruit, banana are offered for the afternoon snack.

As a supper, baked fish pulp with potatoes is allowed. A vegetable salad is used as a side dish.

An hour before going to bed, you can drink a glass of low-fat yogurt.

Here is another sample diet for CHD patients.

In the morning, oatmeal boiled in milk, soft-boiled egg, tea.

A little later you can eat apples baked with sugar.

Lunch consists of barley soup, vegetables and vegetable oil, carrot puree, stew, dried fruit compote.

Berry juice is allowed for afternoon tea.

In the evening, baked potatoes with fish pulp, cottage cheese casserole, tea.

Before going to bed, a glass of low-fat yogurt is recommended.

Mediterranean diet

This diet is considered a model of he althy eating. Experts say that it is great for patients with coronary heart disease. Residents of the Mediterranean rarely suffer from myocardial pathologies. The thing is that their diet is based on these rules:

1. Eating vegetable fats instead of animal fats. Sunflower and olive oil are foods that have a beneficial effect on the body.
2. The presence of fresh fish in the daily diet.
3. Regular consumption of walnut kernels and almonds.
4. No fatty meats and alcoholic beverages (except red wine).
5. No canned food.