Gallbladder: diet and its features

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

In a he althy body, bile is produced in the liver, from where it enters the gallbladder. Accumulating there, the liquid becomes more concentrated. When food, entering the stomach, begins to be digested, bile is necessary for proper digestion, which is thrown into the duodenum from the gallbladder.

Diets necessary to maintain the optimal level of the digestive system in case of diseases or removal of this storage organ should ensure normal digestion of food and avoid discomfort and any disturbances.

What is bile and why is it needed

Bile is necessary for the full processing of food of various quality. This substance consists of water, fatty acids, cholesterol and inorganic substances, however, it is this substance that emulsifies fats and improves their breakdown products. In addition, bile is necessary for processing,absorption and prevention of putrefaction of other nutrients in the digestive system of each person.

As soon as food enters the stomach, the process of bile secretion begins in the digestive tract: fluid enters the duodenum through the common bile duct from the gallbladder and the main pancreatic duct. This fluid is produced by one of the largest glands in the body - the liver. The secret stops entering the digestive system immediately after the last portion of food leaves the stomach, i.e. when gastric digestion is converted into intestinal.

Because insufficient or inadequate bile flow leads to indigestion, which often occurs after gallbladder surgery, diet becomes an extremely important stage in everyone's life.

Where bile is stored

The fluid needed for the natural digestive process is produced by the liver cells and enters the bile ducts. Gradually moving through them, it begins to fill the gallbladder, where it remains until the next serving of food.

The gallbladder is a small muscular organ, the volume of which does not exceed 60-80 milliliters. However, this is where the liver secretion becomes more concentrated.

With irregular nutrition, when prolonged fasting is replaced by overeating, stagnant processes occur in the gallbladder. This leads to a decrease in the intensity of the outflow of bile and disturbances in the functioning of the organ. After a while, the bile storage beginscrystals and stones form. In severe pathological processes, as well as exacerbations of the disease, the doctor may recommend removal of the gallbladder as an emergency method.

However, the absence of this organ does not guarantee that the patient will never have gallstones again. Either a change in the composition of bile or its stagnation can lead to their appearance.

Its composition directly depends on how well a person eats. With malnutrition, undesirable processes associated with stone formation may be repeated, but only now in the bile ducts.

Diet for gallbladder in the stage of inflammation or exacerbation should take into account the degree of stress on the digestive system and the likelihood of other concomitant diseases. It is on what the patient consumes in his diet during this period that the state of his physical he alth depends.

Pathological processes in the gallbladder

Pathologies that occur in the biliary system are most often caused by the appearance of organ dysfunction due to malnutrition or non-compliance with food intake. Often this leads to the removal of the gallbladder (the diet after the operation becomes much more rigid).

Cholelithiasis

In another way, this disease is called cholelithiasis, because it is accompanied by the appearance of stones-calculi in the bladder itself or the bile ducts. Their appearance is facilitated by an excess of cholesterol in the composition of bile and infectious diseases.diseases leading to violations of its outflow.

Most often, women over 40 years of age with a history of pregnancy and overweight suffer from manifestations of gallstone disease. In men, this disease manifests itself at an older age, with a tendency to alcoholism and the abuse of foods high in cholesterol.

Prolonged asymptomatic course, ignoring the first symptoms of gallbladder disease, a diet that is incorrectly selected and aggravates the condition of the body, leads to an acute attack and the need for urgent hospitalization.

Bile duct dyskinesia

Violation (dyskinesia) of the function of contraction of the biliary tract is formed against the background of constant psycho-emotional stress and stress. Another factor in the development of this disease are violations in the diet. The gallbladder and/or bile ducts begin to suffer due to long breaks between meals.

Cholecystitis

In most patients, cholecystitis develops against the background of cholelithiasis, which contributes to the development of inflammatory and necrotic processes in the gallbladder.

Chronic acalculous forms of cholecystitis developing on the background of bacterial infections and parasitic invasions are less common. Allergic processes, as well as some diseases of the digestive system (especially hepatitis and pancreatitis), difficulties in the discharge of bile can also cause the development of cholecystitis.

All this indicates that whendiseases of the gallbladder, diet is a predetermining factor in preventing the further development of the pathological process.

Cholangitis

In acute and chronic cholangitis, inflammation of the bile ducts is characteristic. As a rule, this pathology occurs as a complication against the background of the underlying disease due to bacterial exposure or mechanical damage during the movement of stones, after operations and during scarring, causing narrowing of the biliary tract. Therefore, a properly selected diet after gallbladder surgery is one of the most important points in rehabilitation therapy.

Cholangitis has several types and can occur in the form of obstructive, recurrent, secondary sclerosing, bacterial forms of the disease. With purulent and bacterial cholangitis, an attack develops within several days and requires adequate medical treatment. In the absence of competent treatment, in most cases, a fatal outcome is possible.

Importance of diet after laparoscopy of the gallbladder

With any surgical intervention, each patient must be especially careful about his diet and carefully follow other doctor's recommendations. In case of malnutrition, the work of the liver may be complicated, and bile may also accumulate due to the impossibility of timely outflow into the intestines. This often leads to inflammation in the stomach, duodenum or pancreas.

After gallbladder removal (laparoscopy)diet number 5 is a prerequisite for a quick recovery and recovery of the patient.

What to eat

After gallbladder surgery, the recommended diet is based on a few general rules.

First of all, drinking water before each meal is extremely important. Drink at least one glass of liquid each time.

All food and drinks included in the diet should be warm, but not hot or cold. You should eat at least five times a day in small portions. All dishes must be cooked by stewing, boiling or steaming.

Don't eat fried foods, because the substances contained in them form compounds that cause intense production of gastric juice. This leads to additional stress on the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.

In the question of what should be included in the daily diet after laparoscopy of the gallbladder, you should be guided by common sense and the recommendations of your doctor.

Diet 5

Dietary program aimed at restoring the body after the operation and the speedy recovery of the patient, involves the use of:

• first courses cooked with vegetable and fish broths, as well as broth boiled with lean meat;
• second courses of boiled, stewed or steamed fish, poultry, lean beef and veal;
• porridges (buckwheat and oatmeal are the priority, semolina is better not at allconsume);
• baked or lightly steamed fruit;
• stewed vegetables;
• fermented milk products (except cheese) and 9% cottage cheese.

Diet No. 5 after gallbladder surgery allows the use of fats (vegetable, a small amount of butter and sour cream) in the daily diet only 1.5-2 months after the operation.

What needs to be eliminated

After removal of the gallbladder (laparoscopy) in the patient's diet should be absent:

• fatty meat of fish and poultry;
• lard and brisket;
• any smoked meats and sausages;
• fish and meat preservation;
• spicy, s alty, sour foods, as well as marinades and spices;
• mushrooms in any kind of cooking;
• legumes;
• carbonated drinks and spirits;
• any sweets, except lightly boiled fruits and dried fruits;
• strong tea and coffee.

In addition, you must refrain from smoking.

Despite the fact that a diet with a number of restrictions is recommended after laparoscopy, even with it, you can cook delicious and interesting dishes. Such dishes will be useful not only for the recovering person, but also for other family members. In this way, the habit of eating right can appear in all households.