Where and how does coffee grow? Where is the best coffee in the world grown?

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world today. Undoubtedly, all coffee lovers are interested in how coffee grows. Therefore, this topic should be considered in more detail.

How coffee trees are grown

Coffee beans are the seeds of coffee fruits. After ripening, the berry falls off, the seeds fall into the soil, and then sprout with a couple of tiny leaves.

Young shoots are very fragile, so it is best to transplant them into a separate pot and place them in the nursery. The plant requires careful care year-round. When the sprout gets stronger, it must be transplanted directly into the ground.

As long as coffee, only some rare, exotic, unknown plant grows. Of course, this is an exaggeration, but the coffee tree does not produce a crop for the first couple of years. However, there is no reason to leave it unattended. In order for it to finally bear fruit, you need to be patient and take care of the plant. It is watered, fed, pruned. After 4-6 years, the tree finally produces the first he althy fruits. And in the next two decades, you can harvest a good coffee harvest, and sometimes more than once in a season.

Harvesting must be done by hand so as not to damage the unripe berries. After all, sometimes both green and ripe red fruits can coexist on the same branch. To make harvesting easier, the trees are not allowed to grow higher than 4 m. However, in Brazil, the country where the best coffee in the world grows, machines are used to collect beans, since hectares of plantations are simply impossible to process manually.

Coffee tree flowers look and smell like jasmine flowers. Berries ripen for quite a long time - at least six months. As already mentioned, the fruits do not grow one at a time, but in clusters and look like large cherries. There are two beans in one coffee fruit.

The question of how coffee grows can be answered - a very long time. Before you get a cup of this great invigorating drink, a lot of time passes from the first shoots to the harvest and processing of the grains. Realizing how complex and painstaking the process of growing coffee is, makes you appreciate it even more.

Coffee growing areas

The question of where the best coffee grows, of course, causes a wave of curiosity. It is impossible to answer it specifically, because every coffee lover has his own favorite among the varieties, and each variety is good in its own way. However, we can definitely say for sure that the best coffee is grown according to all the rules and in areas with the most favorable conditions for it.

Trees that produce coffee fruits are very photophilous. They also require favorable temperature, humidity andnutrient soil. All this at the same time can be found only at the equator or in the tropics. More specifically, coffee grows in areas from the northern tropic to the southern. There are the most suitable conditions for the comfortable growth of coffee trees.

Coffee growing countries

Now it is clear that coffee grows mainly in the tropical zone. And yet, in which country does coffee grow? Although, probably, this question will not be entirely correct, since there are a lot of countries where grains for this wonderful drink are born.

So, coffee trees are cultivated in the central and southern parts of America, on the continent of Africa, in Asia, and also in Australia. The world's leading coffee comes from Brazil.

The taste of the drink depends on where the grains were grown and harvested. Coffee is a very capricious and delicate plant, susceptible to all environmental factors. Of course, the conditions are reflected in the taste and aroma.

From here various varieties appear, which are named after the area where they grow.

Variety of coffees

The most common varieties used for industrial purposes are Arabica and Robusta.

The variety "Arabica" first appeared in Ethiopia. Coffee trees of this variety grow in the mountains at an altitude of 2 thousand meters. Arabica beans have a characteristic red or purple color and an elongated shape. They ripen a little more than six months. The trees are very fruitful, one canharvest up to 6 kg.

Arabica bean drink has a tart taste with a noble sourness. Arabica is the most popular among coffee lovers.

"Robusta" means "strong". This is due to his unpretentiousness. Robusta does not require special conditions and increased attention. The birthplace of this variety is the Congo River.

Unlike Arabica, it ripens a little longer - up to 11 months. And its fruitfulness is lower - one tree gives only one and a half kilograms of the crop. Robusta grows in a forest area at a height of half a kilometer. The shape of the grains is also different from the above variety. The grains are oval, almost round in shape. Robusta is bitter due to its high caffeine content.

Growing coffee from beans

Many are wondering how coffee grows at home. The coffee tree can be grown from beans. However, those grains that are sold in the supermarket will not work. For horticultural purposes, you need to take a coffee fruit with seeds.

Next, you need to go through several steps:

1) Free the grains from the pulp of the fruit. Dilute a weak solution of manganese and wash the seeds with it. If the grains float, then they are unsuitable for growing.

2) Steam the soddy soil, mix with sand and peat.

3) Put the grains in a pot with the substrate flat side down and press lightly. Pour potassium permanganate and cover with glass.

4) Potput in a warm place and water regularly.

5) When sprouts with leaves appear, they need to be transplanted into separate pots.

6) Until the sprouts take root, you need to keep them in the shade.

The misfortunes that lie in wait for the coffee tree

Coffee is attractive to many pests. It could be spider mites, fungus, or coffee rust. If in winter the plant is kept at a temperature of about 12 degrees, then the leaves begin to turn black, and then the plant dies.

Therefore, in order to prevent death and see with your own eyes how coffee grows, you must carefully care for it all year round, feed and protect the plant.