Nutrition for gallbladder disease: diet description, sample menu, advice from gastroenterologists

2024 Author: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 03:14

Is there a special diet for gallbladder disease? After all, this organ, through the contraction of the walls, provokes the removal of bile from its cavity and ensures its correct and timely outflow. However, if the mobility of the bile ducts is impaired, this can lead to dyskinesia and other pathological phenomena. For example, to the formation of stones in the gallbladder. Symptoms of the disease and nutrition not only require study, but also strict adherence.

In complex therapy, along with drug treatment, a special diet is used, which is selected depending on the diagnosis.

Symptoms of the disease

Similar diseases, regardless of their causes and mechanismdevelopment are manifested by similar main symptoms. Patients worried:

• pain in the right side of the abdomen, not relieved by medication;
• dyspepsia - nausea, vomiting;
• fever;
• raspberry tongue;
• loss of appetite;
• weight loss;
• bitter taste in mouth;
• flatulence, bloating;
• belching air;
• dry mouth;
• disordered stool, constipation;
• intense color of urine from deep yellow to brown.
• light cal.

Features of nutrition in gallbladder disease

During an exacerbation of the disease, food is recommended to be taken in liquid form, drinks (for example, tea) are allowed to be consumed with sugar, and juices should be diluted with water to reduce their acid concentration. It is advisable to grind the thick of the first courses in mashed potatoes, it is better to cook on lean broth. Kashi is also consumed in liquid form. It is important to take food often, but in small volumes, otherwise large portions will cause a high load on the diseased organ. Food should be rich in vegetable proteins, but fats must be excluded.

What other dietary recommendations are there for liver and gallbladder disease? After operations on the organ, a strict diet is prescribed, and sometimes even a vegetarian diet. At this time, it is equally important to consume a sufficient amount of fluid - in the case of the development of gallbladder diseases, it is required to drink at least 3 liters of water per day. During the diet, you can not use sauces, marinades, spices, smoked,s alty and fried foods. All products must be baked, boiled or steamed, maintaining a temperature regime of 20 to 60 degrees.

Foods that should be excluded from the menu for gallbladder disease

Initially, you need to decide which foods should not be consumed during a therapeutic diet. This list includes:

• fresh bread (during the day after baking);
• fried, smoked, s alty and spicy dishes;
• pickles, marinated dishes, canned meat and fish;
• fermented milk products over 6.3% fat;
• legumes (lentils, peas, beans);
• dressings, sauces, mayonnaise;
• green cabbage soup, okroshka, rich borscht;
• sorrel, onion, pickled cabbage, radish, radish, rhubarb;
• alcoholic drinks;
• cakes, chocolate, custards, ice cream, pastries, cocoa;
• fruits and herbs containing essential oils.

Principles of nutrition for diseases of the liver and gallbladder must be strictly observed.

Allowed Foods

First courses for exacerbation of gallbladder diseases are prepared without dressings and frying on vegetable broths. Milk soups with vermicelli are welcome. Lenten cabbage soup, fruit soups, borscht and beetroot are also useful. The first courses are seasoned with flour or dried vegetables. Bread must be made from wheat flour of 1 and 2 grades, as well as from rye or peeled flour. Fresh bakery products should not be consumed, only allowedyesterday's pastries.

In addition, it is allowed to eat low-fat fish cooked in baked or boiled form. Fish can be used to make quenelles, meatballs or soufflés. Meat products without tendons and fatty deposits are also welcome, but if the dish is prepared from poultry, then the skin is removed.

Proper nutrition for the gallbladder is important to observe not only at the time of exacerbation, but also in the future to prevent relapse.

From meat, young veal, turkey meat, rabbit meat, chicken, lean parts of lamb are most preferable. The meat is baked, boiled or steamed. It is used for stuffing cabbage rolls, cooking pilaf. The use of egg yolk is limited - no more than one per day. But a protein omelette for inflammation of the gallbladder is very useful, it can be consumed daily. Eggs (yolk + white), fried or hard-boiled are prohibited.

Second courses can be prepared from vegetables using vegetable oil. Zucchini caviar, fruit salads are very useful. As snacks, you can use soaked low-fat herring, boiled fish, mild and low-fat cheese, seafood, ham.

It is also important to note that the nutrition for gallbladder disease in women and men will be the same. The diet menu must necessarily contain milk, kefir, yogurt and acidophilus. Sour cream is used only as a condiment. It is better to replace with low-fat yogurt.

In addition, with pathologies of this organany porridge from cereals is allowed, but it is preferable to eat oatmeal and buckwheat porridge. Pilaf with dried fruits, boiled pasta, puddings with cottage cheese are also recommended. Vegetables are eaten stewed or raw, in side dishes and salads. Boiled onions, mashed potatoes and green peas (boiled, but not canned) are recommended. It is allowed to eat all fruits, except sour ones. They are consumed boiled, baked and raw. Dried fruit compotes, jelly and mousses are allowed.

Among the sweets in the diet with a gallbladder, you can use marshmallow, marmalade, marshmallows, jam, sweets without chocolate or honey in normal quantities.

As for drinks, it is permissible to drink weak coffee with milk, tea, juices and compotes from fresh vegetables and fruits. Decoctions of wheat bran and wild rose are useful.

The above diet is prescribed for absolutely all pathologies of the gallbladder, which include any inflammation of this organ, including the formation of stones and congestion.

Nutrition for hepatitis and gallbladder disease

The liver is the main gland of external secretion, producing enzymes for the digestion and assimilation of food. Its other function is to detoxify harmful nutrients. With hepatitis, some of the cells of this organ cease to function. The load on he althy hepatocytes in this case increases significantly. In order to prevent a pronounced load on the liver in hepatitis, strict adherence to the diet is recommended. Gastroenerologists note that a diet for hepatitis contributes to a significant slowdown in the spread of the pathological process. Adhering to a therapeutic diet for gallbladder disease and stones in the organ, a person can shorten the recovery time, reduce the likelihood of complications.

In a chronic process

In a chronic process, a diet is prescribed that reduces the load on all parts of the digestive system. Products must be thoroughly crushed. The temperature of the dishes is moderate - chilled and hot foods are excluded. It is forbidden to drink alcohol, rich broths. Food should contain a minimum amount of cholesterol, oxalic acid, various essential oils. Vegetable fibers predominate. The number of meals - at least five times a day. In addition, there is a sharp restriction of s alt intake and increased fluid intake - at least 2.5 liters.

When an acute inflammatory process occurs in the liver, diet plays a paramount role. The approach to nutrition does not differ from the diet in the chronic process, however, fat intake is more strictly limited. To make it clearer, let's take a closer look at nutrition for gallbladder disease.

Diet Description

For any pathology of the gallbladder and liver, diet number 5 is prescribed. She has several options that are used for certain diseases. Diet No. 5c is prescribed for the treatment of hepatitis, acute cholecystitis or at the stage of exacerbation of chronic forms of such diseases. This diet limits the intake ofcarbohydrates (no more than 200 grams per day), by reducing the amount of jam, sugar and honey. In addition, it is recommended to reduce protein intake to 80 grams and fat to 40 grams. Food at table number 5c is prepared without the addition of s alt, all the ingredients of such dishes are ground, mashed potatoes, mousses and soufflés are made from them. With cholecystitis and hepatitis, it is necessary to provide the body with a large amount of vitamin C, and therefore a rosehip decoction is included in the diet.

In the acute period, diet No. 5b must be followed for 5 days, this is how much time the patient needs for a bed period, after which he is transferred to diet No. 5a, and after another two weeks, diet No. 5 is returned.

Diet 5a

This diet for inflammation of the gallbladder is followed at the stage of exacerbation of liver pathologies such as hepatitis or cirrhosis. The therapy lasts for 10 days. The products provided for by this diet should supply the body with the necessary substances and trace elements, however, at the same time, it reduces the burden on the digestive organs. Table number 5a excludes food that can provoke fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines, and also increases the secretion of bile and gastric juice. All products are steamed and in a water bath, then they are crushed to a puree consistency. Porridges, like oatmeal or buckwheat, are boiled well separately, and then added to soups. Allowed to consume fat no more than 30 grams per day. Food is consumed in small portions up to 6 times a day.

Sample menu

Diet number 5 involves sparing nutrition during cholelithiasis, hepatitis and other diseases of this organ system. Sample menu:

1. Breakfast: oatmeal boiled in milk, cottage cheese casserole, tea with sugar substitute.
2. Second breakfast: unsweetened croutons, cottage cheese, rosehip broth.
3. Lunch: meat patties, pearl barley soup, vegetable stew, compote.
4. Snack: baked apple.
5. Dinner: buckwheat porridge, scrambled eggs, tea with honey.
6. Before bed: acidophilus.

Gastroenterologist advice

Often, gastroenterologists have to deal with complications of diseases of the digestive system. Not all pathologies of the liver and gallbladder are directly related to snacking on the run, addiction to fast food and an unbalanced diet. They may be the result of infection with a bacterial pathogen. Violations of the diet hit these organs the most. In order for calculi not to appear in the bladder due to stagnation of bile, and liver cells to maintain their performance and not degenerate into connective tissue, the intake of sugar, sweets, fatty and high-calorie foods should be limited. A high-calorie diet is one of the main causes of gallbladder and liver dysfunction.

Foods that increase the load on the digestive tract should be limited or completely eliminated. These are citrus fruits, coffee and chocolate, carbonated drinks, an abundance of spicy and spicy. Particularly harmful to the digestive systemalcoholic and carbonated drinks.

Gastroenterologists note that the method of cooking in the diet for chronic diseases of the gallbladder is very important: fried food has a bad effect on the work of the gastrointestinal tract, especially during an exacerbation of the disease. Therefore, they recommend eating boiled or stewed foods, and always do this. Coarse fiber can irritate the intestines, increase the level of gas formation, and increase peristalsis. Therefore, it is important to observe the measure in the consumption of fruits and vegetables, despite the fact that they are very useful for liver and gallbladder disease.

Long breaks between meals, according to experts, are harmful. It is best to eat fractionally, up to 6 times a day, with obligatory breaks of 3 hours. If you fast regularly, bile stasis develops in the gallbladder and the process of formation of sand and stones begins.

Many patients are interested in the question - is it possible to eat after 18.00? Gastroenterologists advise not to fill up at night, as it is very harmful, but going to bed hungry is also not beneficial for the above diseases. Therefore, the last meal should be no later than 2 hours before bedtime.

If, in case of a disease of the digestive system, there is a load on it (birthday, wedding or other celebration is ahead), it is necessary to adjust the diet and start taking enzymes in advance to facilitate the work of the gallbladder and liver.

Recipes for liver and gallbladder pathologies

Don't think that nutrition in chronic gallbladder disease is very poor, butproducts are tasteless. On a therapeutic diet, you can eat quite varied and fully. To do this, there are many recipes for cooking.

For example:

1. Stuffed cucumbers. Peel the cucumbers, cut lengthwise into two parts, removing the grains and giving them the shape of a boat. Finely chop the tomatoes, finely chop the hard-boiled egg and cabbage, mix with 20 g of sour cream, fill the cucumbers with the resulting mixture, sprinkle with chopped dill.
2. Apple and tomato salad. Ripe and dense tomatoes and apples, peeled and peeled, cut into circles. Put mugs of tomatoes and apples on a plate, pour over with yogurt and sprinkle with parsley leaves.
3. Apples with rice. Rinse the rice and boil the porridge. Cut the apple into slices. Pour a small amount of boiling water, bring to a boil, add raisins, sugar, oil, rice, s alt and hold covered for 10 minutes on low heat.
4. Fruit salad. Rinse apples, pears, grapes and plums, cut into cubes, pour over sour cream or yogurt. If desired, recipes for dietary nutrition for diseases of the gallbladder can be diversified. But strictly within the limits.
5. Cabbage soup with fish. Chop the onion and cabbage, s alt and cook for 30-40 minutes in a double boiler. Fry portioned pieces of fish in a non-stick pan (without oil) until cooked, dip in cabbage broth, add a small amount of spices and bring to readiness. Shchi is served with sour cream and sprinkled with herbs.
6. Borscht. Onions, carrots, celery and parsleypeel, chop, put in a saucepan with a small bar of butter, close the lid and simmer, stirring occasionally. Rinse the beets, peel, cut, put in a saucepan, add 3 tbsp. spoons of tomato paste and stew. Sift wheat flour and dilute with water. Pour 1 liter of water into the pan, boil, lower the cabbage, potatoes, cut into small slices, and stewed carrots, onions, parsley and celery. After that, dip the flour into the water, boil for 5 minutes, add the bay leaf to the borscht. Season borscht with s alt and serve with sour cream.

Thus, when symptoms of gallbladder disease appear, nutrition plays an important role in the treatment. And the rules of a therapeutic diet are important not only to know, but also to strictly observe.